Immigration inspectors were empowered to ask immigrants to take dictation from any European language as a test for admittance, a test used in practice to exclude people from Asia, Africa, and some European and South American countries, depending on the political climate. [249][250] Among the most notable examples of the latter is President Barack Obama, who is believed to have been descended from an early African enslaved in America, recorded as "John Punch", through his mother's apparently white line. [172][173][174], Europeans began arriving in Mexico during the Spanish conquest of the Aztec Empire; and while during the colonial period most European immigration was Spanish (mostly from northern provinces such as Cantabria, Navarra, Galicia and the Basque Country,[175]), in the 19th and 20th centuries European and European-derived populations from North and South America did immigrate to the country. Discover the top 20ancestry groups for those people who self-identified ancestry in 2000 and 2015. Italian, German, Irish, Portuguese, and Lebanese (Arab diaspora in Colombia) Colombians are found in notable numbers[130], Many Spanish began their explorations searching for gold, while other Spanish established themselves as leaders of the native social organizations teaching natives the Christian faith and the ways of their civilization. sion of the White population compares results for each of these groups and highlights the diversity within the entire White population. A person having origins in any of the original peoples of the Far East, Southeast Asia, or the Indian subcontinent including, for example, Cambodia, China,India, Japan, Korea, Malaysia, Pakistan, the Philippine Islands, Thailand, and Vietnam. 105–106. following Huxley (1870), distinguished the Xanthochroi or "light whites" of Northern Europe with the Melanochroi or "dark whites" of the Mediterranean.[41]. Most of them were from Andalusia, Galicia, Basque Country and from the Canary Islands. Benito Mussolini, Richard Washburn Child, Max Ascoli, Richard Lamb. Many white Marylanders also live in Central Maryland, including Baltimore, as well as in … Utah is one of few states that has a significantly higher percentage of white residents -- surpassing 90%. In statistical terms, the French government banned the collection of racial or ethnic information in 1978, and the National Institute of Statistics and Economic Studies (INSEE), therefore, does not provide census data on white residents or citizens in France. The top 5 regions (others are Texas, Florida, New York, and Pennsylvania) account for 36.70% of it. During this period the Caucasian race, named after people of the Caucasus Mountains but extending to all Europeans, figured as one of these races, and was incorporated as a formal category of both scientific research and, in countries including the United States, social classification. Prior to the modern age, no European peoples regarded themselves as "white", but rather defined their race, ancestry, or ethnicity in terms of their nationality. [104] A separate census question on "cultural or ethnic origin" (question 17) does not refer to skin color. 11. Russians, Poles, Ukrainians and white Brazilians also make up this population. Today various records claiming the percentage of whites in Cuba are conflicting and uncertain; some reports (usually coming from Cuba) still report a less, but similar, pre-1959 number of 65% and others (usually from outside observers) report a 40–45%. [168] However, according to church and censal registers from the colonial times, the majority (73%) of Spanish men married Spanish women. Scott Hadly, "Hidden African Ancestry Redux", English, Scottish, Welsh and Irish convicts, National Institute of Statistics and Economic Studies, Metropolitan Autonomous University of Mexico, National Institute of Anthropology and History, National Council to Prevent Discrimination, National Institute of Statistics and Geography, Classification of ethnicity in the United Kingdom, Definitions of whiteness in the United States, Searching for Whitopia: An Improbable Journey to the Heart of White America, "White, European, Western, Caucasian, or what? [47] According to a study by the University of Chile about 30% of the Chilean population is Caucasian,[107] while the 2011 Latinobarómetro survey shows that some 60% of Chileans consider themselves white. This was because most of the migration occurred across the Atlantic before the construction of the Panama Canal. They represented groups from England, Ireland, Scotland, or Wales and were typically more literate than the Dutch. [152], White people in France are defined, or discussed, as a racial or social grouping, from a diverse and often conflicting range of political and cultural perspectives; in anti-racism activism in France, from right-wing political dialogue or propaganda, and other sources. [271], Racial classification for people of European descent, "Whites", "White woman", and "White man" redirect here. [207] However, many returned over time. [89][90] According to historian Irene Silverblatt, "Race thinking […] made social categories into racial truths. Inappropriate labeling in research on race, ethnicity, and health", "Sorry, but the Irish were always 'white' (and so were Italians, Jews and so on)", "Was there race before modernity? However, recent immigrants from southern Mexico have been changing, to some degree, its demographic trends. [268][269] Genetic research by the University of Brasilia shows an average admixture of 60.6% European, 23.0% Amerindian and 16.3% African ancestry in Venezuelan populations. American Community Survey. [21], A three-part racial scheme in color terms was used in seventeenth-century Latin America under Spanish rule. These classifications rely on individuals' self-identification, since it is recognised that ethnic identity is not an objective category. [147] The Minority Rights Group International says that "An objective assessment of the situation of Afro-Cubans remains problematic due to scant records and a paucity of systematic studies both pre- and post-revolution. Around 34% of them have a Western Background. [29], In 1758, Carl Linnaeus proposed what he considered to be natural taxonomic categories of the human species. [9] Historian Winthrop Jordan reports that, "throughout the [thirteen] colonies the terms Christian, free, English, and white were […] employed indiscriminately" in the 17th century as proxies for one another. [156], The lack of census data collected by the INED and INSEE for whites in France has been analyzed, from some academic perspectives, as masking racial issues within the country, or a form of false racial color blindness. Spaniards were introduced into Venezuela during the colonial period. [137] Some left to experience the adventure of migration. [136] The mosque of Maicao is the second largest mosque in Latin America. [243] Robert P. Stuckert, member of the Department of Sociology and Anthropology at Ohio State University, has said that today the majority of the descendants of African slaves are white.[244]. 51%) including 65,478,252 native speakers and 191,397,968 non-native speakers, and would be ranked 2nd if it were included. Non-Hispanic whites are expected to be a minority of the U.S. population in about 25 years. Click to skip ahead and see the top 5 countries with the largest white population … [3][4] The usage of "white people" or a "white race" for a large group of mainly or exclusively European populations, defined by their light skin, among other physical characteristics, and contrasting with "black", "red", "brown", "yellow", and other "colored" people or "persons of color", originated in the 17th century. [72], White Hollanders first arrived in South Africa around 1652. [122] Over 700,000 Chileans may have British (English, Scottish or Welsh) origin, 4.5% of Chile's population. With the beginning of oil operations during the first decades of the 20th century, citizens and companies from the United States, United Kingdom and Netherlands established themselves in Venezuela. White is a racialized classification of people and a skin color specifier, generally used for people of European origin; although the definition can vary depending on context, nationality, and point of view. [204], The Kingdom of Great Britain captured Cape Town in 1795 during the Napoleonic Wars and permanently acquired South Africa from Amsterdam in 1814. World Population Prospects 2019 A person having origins in any of the Black racial groups of Africa. Most of the White population is of Spanish ancestry. "[23] By the mid-seventeenth century, the novel term español ("Spaniard") was being equated in written documents with blanco, or "white". A study performed in hospitals of Mexico City reported that an average 51.8% of Mexican newborns presented the congenital skin birthmark known as the Mongolian spot whilst it was absent in 48.2% of the analyzed babies. The Race estimates of the population are produced for the United States, states, and counties by the Population Esimates Program and the race estimates of the population are produced for Puerto Rico, muncipios (county-equivalents for Puerto Rico), places, zona urbanas and comunidades (place-equivalents for Puerto Rico), and minor civil divisions by the AmericanCommunity Survey. The white share rose to 90% in 1920, where it stayed until 1950. As a group with several different potential boundaries, it is an example of a fuzzy concept. [256] One hundred years later (2000), the total increased to 80.5% (3,064,862);[257] not because there has been an influx of whites toward the island (or an exodus of non-White people), but a change of race conceptions, mainly because of Puerto Rican elites to portray Puerto Rico's image as the "white island of the Antilles", partly as a response to scientific racism.[259]. OMB requires that race data be collectd for a minimum of five groups: White, Black or African American, American Indian or Alaska Native, Asian, and Native Hawaiian or Other PacificIslander. Province, Steven C. Hunt, Eric Boerwinkle, Nicholas J. Schork, and Neil J. Risch (2005), This page was last edited on 9 May 2021, at 16:21. [204], Both Afrikaners and English have been politically dominant in South Africa during the past; due to the controversial racial order under apartheid, the nation's predominantly Afrikaner government became a target of condemnation by other African states and the site of considerable dissension between 1948 and 1991. The number of their descendants today is estimated to be 380,000 persons, the equivalent of 2.4% of the population. South Africa’s white population is divided into 61% Afrikaans-speakers, 36% English-speakers, and 3% who speak another language, such … Australia enumerated its population by race between 1911 and 1966, by racial-origin in 1971 and 1976, and by self-declared ancestry alone since 1981, meaning no attempt is now made to classify people according to skin colour. [233], In the early 21st century, the relationship between some ethnic groups and whiteness remains complex. (Only 4.2% chose two or more races.) Allen. [133], In December 1941 the United States government estimated that there were 4,000 Germans living in Colombia. [109] An estimated 1.6 million (10%) to 3.2 million (20%) Chileans have a surname (one or both) of Basque origin. [210] The change in the meaning of white that occurred in the colonies (see above) to distinguish Europeans from non-Europeans did not apply to the 'home land' countries (England, Ireland, Scotland and Wales). Like other monogenists, Blumenbach held to the "degenerative hypothesis" of racial origins. [204] They have been joined in more subsequent decades by former colonials from elsewhere, such as Zambia and Kenya, and poorer British nationals looking to escape famine at home. Different estimates state that Uruguay's population of 3.4 million is composed of 88% to 93% white Uruguayans. An additional 69% of the population is mestizo, having mixed indigenous and European ancestry. White British is an ethnicity classification used in the 2011 United Kingdom Census. The combined total English-speaking population (2012) is 256,876,220 (out of a total population of 500,000,000, i.e. [40] Some authorities,[who?] As a result of centuries of having children with white people, the majority of African Americans have some European admixture,[248] and many people long accepted as white also have some African ancestry. Of the white population, 61 percent speaks Afrikaans, over 30 percent speaks English, and 3 percent speaks other languages including Portuguese and Dutch. Smaller waves of settlers from Australia and South Africa, and the United States can be traced in Argentine immigration records. French courts have, however, made cases,[151] and issued rulings, which have identified white people as a demographic group within the country. For instance, according to the 23andMe database, up to 13% of self-identified white American Southerners have greater than 1% African ancestry. White people (includes mestizo) make up 94%, 3% are black people, 1% are Amerindians, and 1% are Chinese. Black author Rich Benjamin, in his book, Searching for Whitopia: An Improbable Journey to the Heart of White America, reveals how racial divides and white decline, both real and perceived, shape democratic and economic urgencies in America.